14And God said, Let there be lights in the
firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night; and let them be for
signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years:15And let them be for lights in the firmament
of the heaven to give light upon the earth: and it was so.
11-13 God spoke: "Earth, green up!
Grow all varieties
of seed-bearing plants,
Every sort offruit-bearing
tree."
And there it was.
Earth produced green seed-bearing
plants,
all varieties,
And fruit-bearing trees of all sorts.
God saw that it was good.
It was evening, it was morning―
Day Three.
語句
green upto make green
varietiesa: something differing from others of the same general kind :sortb: any of various groups of plants or animals ranking below a
species :subspecies
"Earth, green
up! Grow all varietiesof seed-bearing
plants,Every sort offruit-bearing tree."この地球を緑で覆うという神の意図。これが動物、人間の命の源を作ることとなる。
King James Version
11And God said, Let the earth bring forth
grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his
kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so.12And the earth brought forth grass, and herb
yielding seed after his kind, and the tree yielding fruit, whose seed was in
itself, after his kind: and God saw that it was good.13And the evening and the morning were the
third day.
Separate〔…に〕分かれる. High Street separates here into East Street and Elm
Street. ハイストリートはここでイーストストリートとエルムストリートに分かれる.The party separated (up) into three groups.
一行は 3 つのグループに分かれた.
Gather集まる
Pooledto combine
(as resources) in a common pool or effort 溜められた、水槽の中に溜められた
構文
"Separate!Water-beneath-Heaven, gather into
one place;Land, appear!"And there it was.「分かれよ。天の元にある水よ、一箇所に集まれ。陸地よ、顔を出せ。姿を現せ。神が言われるようになった。」
9And God said, Let the waters under the
heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear: and it
was so.10And God called the dry land Earth; and the gathering together of the
waters called he Seas: and God saw that it was good.
God spoke:
"Sky! In the middle of the waters;神は「水の中に大空あれ。」と大声で命じられた。参考:ヨブ記 / 37章 18節 鋳て造った鏡のような堅い大空を/あなたは、神と共に/固めることができるとでもいうのか。
King James Version
6And God said, Let there be a firmament in
the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.7And God made the firmament, and divided the
waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the
firmament: and it was so.8And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning
were the second day.
Appeared〈ものが〉姿を見せる,出現する,現われる saw
that+(that)〈…ということが〉わかる separated+目+from+(代)名〈…を〉〔…から〕区別する named〈…に〉名をつける,命名する the
dark[the 〜] やみ; 暗がり.
背景
この章では創造でGod
spokeを10回発した。モーセの十戒の予知。"Light!"And
light appeared.→Let there be light: and there was light.は神の御言葉の存在と成就を示している。"Light!"は救済、喜び、知識、正義、と生命を表す。正反対がthe
dark。Separatedとは神が「光」を使って「闇」を追い散らす。「闇」を除くことではない。参考 ヨハネによる福音書 / 1章 5節光は暗闇の中で輝いている。暗闇は光を理解しなかった。Namedは神の権威を示す。Day one started with dark,
continued through the creation of light, and ended with nightfall.「夕べがあり、朝があった。第一の日である。」
3And God said, Let there be light: and there
was light.4And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from
the darkness.5And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the
evening and the morning were the first day.
新シリーズとして「創世記」を始めます。The Messageの英語に挑戦。参考としてKing
James Versionを併記します。日本語の訳は新共同訳 必要に応じて参考訳にし、新たに「背景」を新設する。岩波訳の説明、外国の注解を随時載せます。
The Message
Genesis 1
Heaven and Earth
1-2First this: God created the Heavens
and Earth―all you see, all you don't see. Earth was a soup ofnothingness,
a bottomlessemptiness, an inkyblackness. God's Spiritbrooded like a bird above the wateryabyss.
語句
Created〈神・自然力などが〉〈新しいものを〉創造する a
soup of:soup:thick wet dlouds or fog<talk airplanes
down through the soup by…
radar---Boeing mag.>nothingness無,空,非実在bottomless底なしの,底の知れない,非常に深いemptiness空(から), 空虚. Inky インクのような; 真っ黒な.black〈空・深い水など〉黒ずんだ,暗黒の ~nessは名詞形。Spirit[しばしば S] (神の)霊,神霊brooded〈卵を〉抱く. Watery〈地面など〉湿った,じめじめしたwatery ground 湿った地面. abyss深い底,混沌(こんとん) the abyss of time 永遠.
背景
First this:「まずこれから(はじまります)」これは口語表現。初めに(In the beginning)が有名な語句でShakespeareは「テンペスト」でのように翻訳している。On a ship at sea; a tempestuous noise of
thunder and lightning heardというト書きで劇を始まる。
the Heavens and Earthをall you see, all you don't see.のようにより詳しく訳している。「見ているところと見えないところの天と地」nothingness, a bottomlessemptiness, an inkyblackness.は同格と考えたい。「混沌であって、闇が深淵の面にあり」神の霊が水の面を動いていた。→God moved upon the face of the waters.がそのままに訳されているがGod's Spiritbrooded like a bird above
the wateryabyss.が現代的表現で現状が想像できる。
1In the beginning God created the heaven and
the earth.2And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face
of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters.
46-47Having already purchased a linen shroud,
Joseph took him down, wrapped him in the shroud, placed him in a
tomb that had been cut into the rock, and rolled a large stone across
the opening. Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses, watched the burial.
46And he bought fine linen, and took him
down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid
him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of
a rock, and rolled a stone unto the
door of the sepulchre.=Having already purchased a linen shroud,
Joseph took him down, wrapped him in the shroud, placed him in a tomb that had been cut into the rock, and rolled a large
stone across the opening.新共同訳 46節ヨセフは亜麻布を買い、イエスを十字架から降ろしてその布で巻き、岩を掘って作った墓の中に納め、墓の入り口には石を転がしておいた。(AV)the
door of the sepulchre.はより具体的に絵をして示している。
47And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of
Joses beheld where he was laid.=Mary Magdalene and Mary, mother of Joses, watched the burial.新共同訳 47節マグダラのマリアとヨセの母マリアとは、イエスの遺体を納めた場所を見つめていた。
beheld where he was laid.とwatched the burial.を比較せよ。「節」と「名詞」との表現に「動き」と「絵」を味わう。
42-45Late in the afternoon, since it was the Day
of Preparation (that is, Sabbath eve), Joseph of Arimathea, a highly respected
member of the Jewish Council, came. He was one who lived expectantly, on
the lookout for the kingdom of God. Working up his courage, he
went to Pilate and asked for Jesus' body. Pilate questioned whether
he could be dead that soon and called for the captain to verify
that he was really dead. Assured by the captain, he gave Joseph the corpse.
語句
Respected〈人を〉〔…として〕尊敬する
Expectantly期待して,心待ちに.
Lookout[単数形で] 見張り,用心,警戒〔for〕
Working up 〈勇気・興味・熱意などを〉扇動する, あおる
asked for 〔宿・援助などを〕求める,頼む
questioned whether+whether [if]〈…かどうかを〉疑う,疑問とする
that
soon 《口語》 [数量・程度を示す語を限定して] それほど,そんなに She can't go that far. 彼女はそんなに遠くまでは行け[そこまではしてくれ]ません.He only knows that much. 彼はそれだけしか知っていない.It's not really quite that interesting. それほどおもしろいってもんじゃない.
Soonすみやかに,すばやく; やすやすと,わけなく
called for 〔人に〕〔…を求めて〕叫ぶ〔to〕〔for〕
verify+that〈…ということを〉確かめる
Assured〔…を〕納得する,確信する; 確かめる ★しばしば過去分詞で形容詞的に用いる;
Corpse(特に,人間の)死体,死骸(しがい).
構文
42And now
when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day
before the sabbath,=Late in the afternoon, since it was the Day of Preparation (that is,
Sabbath eve), 新共同訳 墓に葬られる
15章 42節既に夕方になった。その日は準備の日、すなわち安息日の前日であったので、
43Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable
counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.=Working up his courage, he went to Pilate and asked for Jesus' body.Joseph of Arimathea, a
highly respected member of the Jewish Council, came. He was one who
lived expectantly, on the lookout for the kingdom of God. 新共同訳43節アリマタヤ出身で身分の高い議員ヨセフが来て、勇気を出してピラトのところへ行き、イエスの遺体を渡してくれるようにと願い出た。この人も神の国を待ち望んでいたのである。
44And Pilate marvelled if he were already
dead: and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him whether he had been any
while dead. =Pilatequestioned whether he
could be dead that soonand called for the captain to verify that
he was really dead.新共同訳44節ピラトは、イエスがもう死んでしまったのかと不思議に思い、百人隊長を呼び寄せて、既に死んだかどうかを尋ねた。
45And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave
the body to Joseph.=Assured by the captain, he gave Joseph the corpse. 新共同訳45節そして、百人隊長に確かめたうえ、遺体をヨセフに下げ渡した。
40-41There were women watching from a
distance, among them Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of the younger James
and Joses, and Salome. When Jesus was in Galilee, these women followed
and served him, and had come up with him to Jerusalem.
Distance I just saw
her from a distance. 遠くから彼女を見ただけだった.I saw a light in the (far) distance. (はるか)遠くに明かりを見た
Followed〈…に〉ついていく[くる], 続く,従う; 〈…に〉伴う
Served〈人に〉仕える,奉公する,〈人の〉召し使いをする; 〈国・神などに〉尽くす,仕える
come up
with… …に追いつく.
構文<
King James Version= The Message>
40There were also women lookingon afar off:
among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses,
and Salome; = There were women watchingfrom a distance, among them Mary Magdalene, Mary
the mother of the younger James and Joses, and Salome. 新共同訳15章 40節また、婦人たちも遠くから見守っていた。その中には、マグダラのマリア、小ヤコブとヨセの母マリア、そしてサロメがいた。
41(Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed
him, and ministered unto him;) and
many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.= When Jesus was in
Galilee, these women followed and served
him, and had come up with him to Jerusalem.新共同訳41節この婦人たちは、イエスがガリラヤにおられたとき、イエスに従って来て世話をしていた人々である。なおそのほかにも、イエスと共にエルサレムへ上って来た婦人たちが大勢いた。followed him, and ministered unto him;) とthese women followed and served
him,を比較せよ。
37-39But Jesus, with a loud cry, gave his last
breath. At that moment the Temple curtain ripped right down the
middle. When the Roman captain standing guard in front of him saw that
he had quit breathing, he said, "This has to be the Son of
God!"
語句
last breath with the [one's] last breath いまわのきわに, 臨終に.
Quit 《口語》a 〈仕事などを〉やめる,よす; 断念する,放棄する. b +doing〈…することを〉やめる,よす
構文 <King
James Version=The
Message>
37And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.=But Jesus, with a loud cry, gave his last breath.新共同訳15章 37節しかし、イエスは大声を出して息を引き取られた。
38And the
veil of the temple was rent in twain
from the top to the bottom.=At that moment the
Temple curtainrippedright down the
middle.新共同訳38節すると、神殿の垂れ幕が上から下まで真っ二つに裂けた。(M)は解釈的訳。
39And when the centurion, which stood over
against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son of God.=When the Roman
captain standing guard in front of him
saw that he had quit breathing, he said, "This has to be the Son of God!"新共同訳39節百人隊長がイエスの方を向いて、そばに立っていた。そして、イエスがこのように息を引き取られたのを見て、「本当に、この人は神の子だった」と言った。「本当に、この人は神の子だった」をTruly
this man was the Son of GodとThis has to be the Son of
God!"と訳してある。特にThis has to be the Son of God!"に注意。
35-36Some of the bystanders who heard
him said, "Listen, he's calling for Elijah." Someone ran
off, soaked a sponge in sour wine, put it on a stick, and gave
it to him to drink, saying, "Let's see if Elijah comes to take him
down."
語句
Bystanders傍観者,居合わせた人,見物人.
Heard〈…を〉よく聞く,〈…に〉耳を傾ける《★【比較】この意味では listen to のほうが一般的》
calling for…を求めて呼ぶ
ran
off 〈人・動物が〉〔…から〕逃げる,逃亡する,逃走する〈away,off〉. When the attack started, the enemy ran
(away [off]). 攻撃が始まると敵は敗走した.
Soaked(水などの液体に)浸す,つける.Let the cloth soak for an hour. その布を 1 時間つけておきなさい.
Stick(細長い)棒きれ,棒; 枝木
take down〈ものを〉(高い所から)降ろす.take down a
box from a shelf 棚から箱を降ろす.take down a crane 起重機を降ろす.
構文(King
James Version=The
Message)
35And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calleth
Elias.=Some of the bystanders who heard
him said, "Listen, he's calling forElijah."
新共同訳 15章 35節そばに居合わせた人々のうちには、これを聞いて、「そら、エリヤを呼んでいる」と言う者がいた。(AV)stood
by,は動詞を使う。(M)bystandersは名詞を使っている。
36And one ran and filled a spunge
full of vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink, saying,
Let alone; let us see whether Elias will
come to take him down.=Someoneran off,soaked a
sponge in sour wine, put it on a stick, and gave it to him to drink, saying, "Let's see if Elijah comes to take him down."新共同訳 36節ある者が走り寄り、海綿に酸いぶどう酒を含ませて葦の棒に付け、「待て、エリヤが彼を降ろしに来るかどうか、見ていよう」と言いながら、イエスに飲ませようとした。(M)は現代的表現。
33-34At noon the sky became extremely
dark. The darkness lasted three hours. At three o'clock, Jesus groanedout of the depths, crying loudly, "Eloi, Eloi, lama
sabachthani?" which means, "My God, my God, why have you abandoned
me?"
語句
Extremely[強意的に用いて] 《口語》とても,すこぶる (very) 彼はものすごく怒っていた.It was an extremely fine day in May. その日は 5 月の実によく晴れた日だった.
He was extremely angry.
Lasted (時間的に)続く; 持続する,存続する
Groaned〔苦痛・悲しみなどで〕うめく
Depths be out of [beyond] one's depth (1) (水中の)深みにはまっている, 背が立たない. (2) 理解できない, 力量が及ばない.
Abandoned〈人・船・国・地位などを〉捨てる,見捨てる,捨て去るabandon a friend 友人を見捨てる. abandon one's post 地位を捨てる.
構文 「King
James Version」=「The
Message」
33And when
the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the
ninth hour. = At noon the sky became extremely
dark. The darkness lasted three hours.新共同訳15章 33節昼の十二時になると、全地は暗くなり、それが三時まで続いた。(M)
At noon the sky became extremely dark. The darkness lasted three hours.は現代的表現。
34And at
the ninth hour Jesus cried with a
loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being
interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken
me?= At three o'clock, Jesusgroanedout of the depths, cryingloudly,
"Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani?" which means, "My God, my God,
why have you abandoned
me?" 新共同訳34節三時にイエスは大声で叫ばれた。「エロイ、エロイ、レマ、サバクタニ。」これは、「わが神、わが神、なぜわたしをお見捨てになったのですか」という意味である。(M)
Jesusgroanedout of the depths, cryingloudly,は現代的表現。
31-32The high priests, along with the religion
scholars, were right there mixing it up with the rest of them, having a great
time poking fun at him: "He saved others―but he can't save himself!
Messiah, is he? King of Israel? Then let him climb down from that cross.
We'll all become believers then!" Even the men crucifiedalongside
him joined in the mockery.
King James Version
31Likewise also the chief priests mocking said
among themselves with the scribes, He saved others; himself he cannot save. 32Let Christ the King of Israel descend now
from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with
him reviled him.
語句
Pokingmake fun
of…=poke fun at……をからかう.
climb down〈高い所〉から(手足を使って)はい降りるclimb down a ladder はしごから降りる. climb down a mountain 山を降りる
believers信じる人,信者; 信奉者a believer in Buddhism [fate] 仏教信者[運命論者]. a believer of gossip うわさ話を信じる人. a believer in vegetarianism 菜食主義の信奉者.
Joined〔遊戯・活動などで〕〈人に〉加わる〔in,for〕Will you join me for a cup of coffee? 一緒にコーヒーをいかがですか.
Mockeryあざ笑いの的,笑いものmake a mockery of… …をあざ笑う
構文
31Likewise also the chief priests mocking
said among themselves with the scribes, He saved others; himself he cannot
save. =The high priests, along with the religion scholars, were right there mixing it up with the rest of them, having a great time poking
fun at him: "He saved others―but he can't save himself!
Messiah, is he? King of Israel? 新共同訳15章 31節同じように、祭司長たちも律法学者たちと一緒になって、代わる代わるイエスを侮辱して言った。「他人は救ったのに、自分は救えない。(M)はより具体的で訳されている。
32Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were
crucified with him reviled him.=Then let him climb
down from that cross. We'll all become believers then!" Even the
men crucifiedalongside him joined in the mockery. 新共同訳メシア、イスラエルの王、今すぐ十字架から降りるがいい。それを見たら、信じてやろう。」一緒に十字架につけられた者たちも、イエスをののしった。(M)はより具体的で訳されている。
25-30They nailed him up at nine o'clock in the
morning. The charge against him―the king of the jews―was printed on a poster.
Along with him, they crucified two criminals, one to his right,
the other to his left. People passing along the road jeered,
shaking their heads in mocklament: "You bragged that
you could tear down the Temple and then rebuild it in three
days―so show us your stuff! Save yourself! If you're really God's
Son, come down from that cross!"
King James Version
25And it was the third
hour, and they crucified him. 26And the
superscription of his accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE JEWS. 27And with him they crucify two thieves; the one on his right hand,
and the other on his left. 28And the scripture
was fulfilled, which saith, And he was numbered with the transgressors. 29And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and
saying, Ah, thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days, 30Save thyself, and come down from the cross.
語句
Charge非難,告発,告訴,問責,罪〔against,of〕
Posterポスター,ビラ広告,はり札
Along with と一緒に, 同伴で; …に加えて, のほかに He went along with her. 彼は彼女と一緒に行った.
Right [the 〜,one's 〜] 右,右方,右側 on [from] the right of… …の右(側)に[から].
to his left [the 〜,one's 〜] 左,左方,左側. to the left of… …の左の方に(当たって).
Jeered 〔人・事柄を〕あざける,ばかにする〔at〕.
Mockまがいの,偽の,まねごとの.[通例複合語をなして] 擬似…,偽って in a mock‐serious manner 真剣さを装って
Lament悲嘆,嘆き〔for,over〕.
Bragged〈…と言って〉自慢する,〈…だと〉自慢して言う〈(that)〉 He brags that he will soon be richer than
us all. 彼はやがて私たちのだれよりも金持ちになると自慢している.
tear down〈建物などを〉取り壊す, 破壊する.
Rebuild〈建造物・町などを〉再建する,改築する.
Stuffくだらないもの,たわごと,ばかげたこと; ばかげた考え[話,作品(など)]
Save救う《★【類語】 save は人を危険などから救い出す意の最も一般的な語; rescue は敏速な活動によって差し迫った重大な危険から救い出すことで,しばしば組織的な救援活動を表わす; help は救出行動よりも助けを与えることに重点をおく》:
構文
25And it
was the third hour, and they crucified him. = They nailed him up at
nine o'clock in the morning.新共同訳15章 25節イエスを十字架につけたのは、午前九時であった。(M)(AV)時間を表す句の位置に注意。
26And the superscription of his accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE
JEWS. =The charge against him―the king of the jews―was printed on a poster.新共同訳 罪状書きには、「ユダヤ人の王」と書いてあった。
27And with
him they crucify two thieves; the one on his right hand, and the other on
his left. =Along with him, they
crucified two criminals, one to his right, the other to his left.新共同訳 また、イエスと一緒に二人の強盗を、一人は右にもう一人は左に、十字架につけた。
28And the
scripture was fulfilled, which saith, And he was numbered with the
transgressors.=People passing along the road jeered, shaking their heads in mocklament:新共同訳 <底本に節が欠けている個所の異本による訳文>こうして、「その人は犯罪人の一人に数えられた」という聖書の言葉が実現した。
29And they that passed by railed on him,
wagging their heads, and saying, Ah,
thou that destroyest the temple, and
buildest it in three days,="Youbragged
that you could tear downthe Temple and then rebuild
it in three days―so show us your stuff! 新共同訳 そこを通りかかった人々は、頭を振りながらイエスをののしって言った。「おやおや、神殿を打ち倒し、三日で建てる者、(M)so show us your stuff!に注意。
30Save thyself, and come down from the cross.=Save yourself! If you're really
God's Son, come down from that cross!" 新共同訳 十字架から降りて自分を救ってみろ。」 (M)If you're really God's Son,は説明的訳である。
22-24The soldiers brought Jesus to Golgotha,
meaning "Skull Hill." They offered him a mildpainkiller
(wine mixed withmyrrh), but he wouldn't take it. And they nailed
him to the cross. They divided up his clothes and threwdice
to see who would get them.
King James Version
22And they bring him
unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a skull. 23And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received
it not.24And when they had crucified him, they
parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.
語句
Skull頭蓋(ずがい)骨,どくろ.
Mild〈食物・飲み物など〉刺激性の弱い,口当たりのよい
Painkiller鎮痛剤.
mixed with〈二(種類)以上のものが〉混ざる,混合する
myrrhミルラ,没薬(もつやく) 《香気のある樹脂; 香料・薬剤用》.
divided up+目+with+(代)名〈ものを〉〔人と〕共に分かつ,分け合う
clothes着(る)物,衣服,衣類,服.a suit of clothes 服 1 着.put on [take off] one's clothes 服を着る[脱ぐ].change clothes 服を着替える.wear elegant [comfortable] clothes 上品な[着心地のよい]服を身につけている.She has many clothes. 彼女は衣装持ちである.Fine clothes make the man. 《諺》馬子(まご)にも衣装.
Threw〈さいころを〉振る.
Diceさいころ
構文
22And they bring him unto the place Golgotha,
which is, being interpreted, The
place of a skull. =The soldiers brought Jesus to Golgotha, meaning
"Skull Hill." 新共同訳 マルコによる福音書 / 15章 22節そして、イエスをゴルゴタという所――その意味は「されこうべの場所」――に連れて行った。(M)meaningは現代的表現。
23And they gave him to drink wine
mingled with myrrh: but he received
it not.=They offered him a mildpainkiller(wine mixed withmyrrh),
but he wouldn't take it. 新共同訳 没薬を混ぜたぶどう酒を飲ませようとしたが、イエスはお受けにならなかった。(M)a mildpainkillerは付け加え訳。
24And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man
should take.=And they nailed him to the cross. Theydivided up his clothes and threwdice
to see who would get them. 新共同訳 それから、兵士たちはイエスを十字架につけて、/その服を分け合った、/だれが何を取るかをくじ引きで決めてから。(M)Theydivided up
his clothes and threwdice to see who would get
them.は現代的表現。
21There was a man walking by, coming
from work, Simon from Cyrene, the father of Alexander and Rufus. They made
him carry Jesus' cross.
King James Version
21And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who
passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to
bear his cross.
語句
Crucifixion[the
C] キリストのはりつけ.
pass by そばを通る; 通り過ぎる.go by 通り過ぎる.Time goes by. 時はたつ.in days gone by 昔は.
Made(強制的にも非強制的にも)〈…に〉〈…〉させる《★【比較】日本語で同じ「…させる」とあっても「許す」の意味を含む場合は make ではなく let を用いる
構文
21And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by,coming out of
the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross.=There was a man walking
by, coming from work, Simon from Cyrene, the father of Alexander
and Rufus. They made him carry Jesus'
cross.新共同訳 十字架につけられる
16-20The soldiers took Jesus into the palace
(called Praetorium) and called together the entire brigade. 新共同訳「兵士から侮辱される マルコによる福音書 / 15章 16節兵士たちは、官邸、すなわち総督官邸の中に、イエスを引いて行き、部隊の全員を呼び集めた。」
They dressed
him up in purple and put a crown plaited from a thornbush on his head. Then they began their mockery:
"Bravo, King of the Jews!" They banged on his head with a club,
spit on him, and knelt down in mock worship. After they had had
their fun, they took off the purple cape and put his own clothes
back on him. Then they marched out to nail him to the cross.
King James Version
16And the soldiers led
him away into the hall, called Praetorium; and they call together the whole
band.
語句
Brigade(軍隊式編成の)団体,隊,組
Dressedup(劇・催しなどで)特別な服装をする, 扮装(ふんそう)する
Plaited〈毛髪・麦わらなどを〉編む (《米》 braid).
Mockerymake a mockery of… …をあざ笑う
Banged〔…を〕ドンドンたたく〔on,at〕
Club(武器用の頭が太くて重い)こん棒.
Spit〔…めがけて〕つばを吐きかける〔at〕; 〔…に〕つばをかける〔on〕.
Mockまがいの,偽の,まねごとの
Funhave fun おもしろく遊ぶ, 興ずる.I don't see the fun of playing cards. トランプをしてもちっとも楽しくない.
Cape(婦人服の)ケープ; (軍隊などの)肩マント.
構文
And they clothed him with purple, and platted a
crown of thorns, and put it about his head,=They dressed him up in purple and put a crown plaited from a thorn bush on his head. 新共同訳「17節そして、イエスに紫の服を着せ、茨の冠を編んでかぶらせ、」(M)は現代的表現。
Then they began
their mockery: "Bravo, King of the Jews!"=Then they began their mockery:
"Bravo, King of the Jews!" 新共同訳「18節「ユダヤ人の王、万歳」と言って敬礼し始めた。」
And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing
their knees worshipped him.=They banged on
his head with a club, spit on him,
and knelt down in mock worship.新共同訳「19節また何度も、葦の棒で頭をたたき、唾を吐きかけ、ひざまずいて拝んだりした。」(M)は現代的表現
And when they had mocked
him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own clothes on him, and
led him out to crucify him.=After they had had their fun, they took off the purple cape and put his own clothes back on him. Then
they marched out to nail him to the cross.新共同訳「20節このようにイエスを侮辱したあげく、紫の服を脱がせて元の服を着せた。そして、十字架につけるために外へ引き出した。」(M)は現代的表現
15Pilate gave the crowd what it wanted, set
Barabbas free and turned Jesus over for whipping and crucifixion.
King James Version
15And so Pilate,
willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered
Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified.
語句
Whipping〈…を〉むち打つ
Crucifixion[the C] キリストのはりつけ.
構文
And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him,
to be crucified.=Pilate gave the crowd what it wanted,set Barabbas free and turned Jesus over for whipping and crucifixion.新共同訳マルコによる福音書 / 15章 15節「ピラトは群衆を満足させようと思って、バラバを釈放した。そして、イエスを鞭打ってから、十字架につけるために引き渡した。」(M)Pilate gave the
crowd what it wanted,は現代的表現。